Sunday, December 27, 2015

Incarnation. Why? So what?

Transfiguration, Mesa
1st Sunday after Christmas
Year C, 2015
Isaiah 61:10-62:3
Psalm 147:13-21
Galatians 3:23-25; 4:4-7
John 1:1-18

“And the Word became flesh and lived among us.”

So reads a poem by John Shea, which was included in some of my required reading in my last year of seminary.[1]  Personally, I tend toward a rather melancholic attitude.  Years studying religious violence and genocide will do that to you.  But I love this poem. It powerfully speaks to me of total joy in simple, yet profound, faith.  Total joy is rare for me, but I continuously return to this poem as a meditation of joy.  In fact, the book that contained this poem was close to my heart when I made the decision to name the campus ministry I started Incarnation.

What comes to mind when you hear the word “Incarnation”?

What do you think is the good news of the Incarnation?

I’m going to begin with a claim:  We live in a world in which the larger cultures we inhabit, and quite a bit of Christianity, under-appreciates the radical nature of the Incarnation.  Many who believe in God are probably more properly called theists than Christians.  The difference between the two is that for the theist God is in Heaven, transcendent, and if not wholly transcendent, is only present in the world as some vague ground of being.  Christians, likewise believe in God, but also in a God who is incarnate.  The Christian God is also transcendent, is also the ground of all being, but—importantly—also has a physical body on earth.

What this will mean practically is that the good news of God goes beyond the notion of a deity who abstractly loves us and is in general pulling for us here on Earth, but joined us in the mess of our existence and can love us within our own specificity.  The full implications of God joining us on Earth probably go unrecognized by many.  And before I begin to sound too proud of myself, let me also say that I do not and cannot recognize the full nature of the incarnation.  Suffice it to say that we all fall short of comprehending God to the fullest, and there is no shame in admitting that fundamental difference between our finitude and God’s Eternal being.

So, to manage some expectations here:  this sermon will not fully explain the incarnation.  (Whew, I feel better taking that pressure off of myself).  But I hope to give you some glimpses of why the incarnation is an important concept and why it matters to the life of faith. 

The incarnation is the central mystery within all of Christianity, undergirding everything else.[2]  Before there could be a ministry of Jesus, before there could be a crucifixion and resurrection, God’s son had to enter the world.  Incarnation derived from the Latin (in-carnus), literally “in flesh.”  As John puts it today:  “And the Word became flesh and lived among us.”  Not that the Word became a visible apparition, a disembodied perfection of God that showed the way but never entered into a polluting physical form.  No, the Word became flesh.  God joined the human race in a body, and subjected himself to all of the problems and joys that come from such a joining. 

Now, some might bristle at this and think that I am downplaying the crucifixion and resurrection.  But consider this:  Without the fall of humankind, there would have been no need for an atoning death.  The Fall gave a particular mission and a necessity to the incarnation.  However, it is possible to believe that even if there had not been a Fall, a perfectly loving God would have chosen to become enfleshed and inhabit the very Creation God called Good.  “God’s taking our humanity is to be understood not only as an act of restoration, not only as a response to [our] sin, but also and more fundamentally as an act of love, an expression of God’s own nature.  Even had there been no fall, God in his own limitless, outgoing love would still have chosen to identify himself with his creation by becoming [human].”[3]

[Note: the footnotes more fully develop this line of thought, which is commensurate with the Eastern Orthodox notion of the End of humankind--theosis as salvation.]

Are you with me so far?
There is good news here:  God did not send his son begrudgingly into the world simply to fix our mistakes.  The loving nature of God makes it likely that the incarnation—God’s willingness to dwell in the very materiality of His own creation—would have happened beyond humankind’s rebellion.  Still more awesome is that God showed this love in response to our sinfulness.   
As it is, the fall did happen; and yet Christ still bridges the gulf between us and God. 

And so the way the incarnation plays out is colored by the reality that we live in a creation marred by death, decay, and sin.  As John puts it, “What has come into being in him was life, and the life was the light of all people.  The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness did not overcome it.”
“There is a story of a four year old girl who awoke one night frightened, convinced that in the darkness around her there were all kinds of monsters. Alone, she ran to her parents’ bedroom.  [Does this story sound familiar to anyone?] Her mother calmed her down and taking her by the hand, led her back to her own room. Where she put on a light and reassured the child with these words: “You needn’t be afraid, you are not alone here.  God is in the room with you.”  The child replied: “I know that God is here, but I need someone in the room that has some skin.”

“In essence, that story gives us the reason for the incarnation, as well as a definition of it.  God takes on flesh because, like the young girl, we all need someone with us who has some skin.  A God who is everywhere is just as easily nowhere.  We believe in what we can touch, see, hear, smell, and taste.  We know things through our senses, we communicate through them, and are open to each other and the world only through them.  And God having created our nature, respects how it operates.  Thus, God deals with us through our senses.  The Jesus who walked the roads of Palestine could be seen, touched, and heard.  In the incarnation, God became physical because we are creatures who at one point need a God with some skin.”[4]
There is good news here:  Christ in his incarnation shows God’s complete and total identification with humankind in its vast array of fallen experience, from the highest joys to the lowest depths of our existence.
Here was a God with skin who was born by a sexually suspect, poor, unmarried, Jewish, peasant woman in an occupied territory. A God with skin whose family became refugees in Egypt to escape the reaching of a genocidal king.  A God with skin who showed us signs of the kingdom to come by teaching and by miracles of healing and feeding.  A God with skin who endured betrayal, torture, and tasted death.
A God with skin who resurrected a glorious body, still bearing the deadly wounds that He ultimately triumphed over.
A God who tells us that he lives on within us, so that now we are the skin of God.
That last thing that Jesus tells us in the Gospel of Matthew is that he is with us, even to the end of the age.  That is a powerful identification of Christ’s ongoing presence with us.  St. Paul, based on his experience of Christ, illuminated the relationship even more radically by showing us that the community of Christ—the Church—is Christ’s very body.[5]  This means that the incarnation did not end 2,000 years ago, but is still ongoing. God is still here, in the flesh, just as real and just as physical, as God was and is in Jesus. 
“This is not simply a truth of theology, a dogma to be believed.  It is the core of Christian spirituality [and discipleship]. If it is true that we are the Body of Christ, and it is, then God’s presence in the world today depends very much upon us.  We…keep God present in the world in the same way that Jesus did.”[6]
As scripture scholar Jerome Murphy-O’Connor puts it:
“The community mediates Christ to the world.  The word that he spoke is not heard in our contemporary world unless it is proclaimed by the community.  The power that flowed forth from him in order to enable response is no longer effective unless manifested by the community. As God once acted through Christ, so he now acts through those who are conformed to the image of his son and whose behavior-pattern is in imitation of his.  What Christ did in and for the world of his day through his physical presence, the community does in and for its world.”[7]

There are a number of implications to this reality of God’s continuing incarnation through us who form Christ’s body.  But I will focus only on one:  what the incarnation means for our prayer life.

What does it mean to pray as though we are truly members of the incarnate God, the body of Christ? 

It means that we move from treating prayer as a promise to woefully consider the problems of the world in obedience to a God who makes no claim on our individual lives.

It means recognizing that our prayers are just as much a commissioning of ourselves as Christ’s body on Earth as our prayers are a petition to a transcendent God. 

It means that prayer must move beyond asking for God to intercede, and become the time in which we name the need and listen for where God prompts us to put skin to prayer.[8]

And it sounds like a lot of work, but I testify that there is joy in becoming a conduit of God’s love to others. There is joy in finding that God put you in the position to be the answer to someone’s prayers.  There is joy in making real for someone else a God that otherwise seems far away and invisible.

And may it be so that we see the Christmas season and beyond as a prolonged exercise in bringing to others the gift of a faith made real enough to touch and taste. That, also, would be the proper response to the good news of the incarnation.



[1] The poem is found in Ronald Rolheiser’s The Holy Longing: The Search for a Christian Spirituality (New York: Doubleday, 1999) 71-72. Much of the following discussion of the Incarnation follows from this book.
[2] Rohlheiser, 75.
[3] Bishop Kallistos Ware, paraphrasing St. Isaac the Syrian (c. 700AD), (The Orthodox Way. Rev. ed. (Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press, 1995), 70). Edited to be gender neutral.

What this means for the incarnation is that it was not simply God sending his son on a 33-year long rescue mission on Earth. “The true image and likeness of God is Christ himself; and so, from the very first moment of [humankind’s] creation in the image, the incarnation of Christ was implied.  The true reason for the incarnation, then, lies not in [our] sinfulness but in [our] unfallen nature as a being made in the divine image and capable of union with God (Ware, 70).”  Christ would still have been made man in order to move us from the state of an unfallen Adam—in which we are made in the image of God—to be the bridge and show the way toward full union with God. This line of thinking conforms to the Orthodox notion of the End of humans being in perfect union with God—theosis, or deification.  As St. Athanasius put it:  “God became man so that man could become God.”
[4] Rohlheiser, 76-77.
[5] 1Cor 12:12-27.
[6] Rohlheiser, 80.
[7] Rohlheiser, 80-81.
[8] As St. James asks in his epistle: What good is it, my brothers and sisters, if you say you have faith but do not have works? … If a brother or sister is naked and lacks daily food, and one of you says to them, ‘Go in peace; keep warm and eat your fill’, and yet you do not supply their bodily needs, what is the good of that?(Jas 2:14-16) 

And what if we were to simply say “I’ll pray for you”?  That is not nothing.  But there may be something missing.

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